The Justice, Law and Order Sector in Uganda is faced with chronic systemic constraints that hamper improved access to justice and service delivery and maintaining law and order. The sector is constrained by limited human resources and unsuitable accommodation for courts, prisons and police. Corruption, case backlogs and inefficiencies have also had a serious impact. These constraints are compounded by limited investment and decreasing funding levels from the government. 

The Ugandan authorities, in close collaboration with development partners, have drawn up a Justice, Law and Order Sector Reform Programme. This programme turns out to be a significant innovation for developing countries as the first attempt to a coordinated sector-wide reform policy. The underlying Strategic Investment Plan for the sector represents the assessment of the problems and challenges facing Uganda's justice system. 
Ten institutions, like the Judiciary, Prison Service, Police Force and Directorate of Public Prosecutions joined hands in developing this plan. The goal of this plan is to enable the people of Uganda to live in a safe and just society. and contribute to the eradication of poverty. This will be achieved through justice services and institutions, supported by legal education and reforms, which are accessible to the people of Uganda, especially the poor and the vulnerable. 

The representative of the Netherlands embassy is currently the chair of the donor group in the Justice, Law and Order Sector. The group meets once a month and co-ordinates its work with the Sector Secretariat within the Ministry of Justice, which has day-to-day responsibility for managing the reform programme.

Apart from the above described JLOS-activities the Netherlands also funds a number of human rights projects. The Netherlands embassy has commissioned the study "Beyond workshops, challenges and strategies in human rights interventions in Uganda". The study aims to encourage all human rights organisations to reflect on the rationale and effectiveness of their work. It seeks to be practical and realistic and therefore focuses on the strategies and skills relevant to human rights work.
The Netherlands embassy engages more actively in support of and dialogues with local HR NGO's and the Uganda Human Rights Commission, especially with respect to torture, women's rights and the situation in the North. 

Also within this respect the Netherlands embassy is active in the field of gender (especially women’s rights). The empowerment of women is a pre-requisite to poverty reduction and sustainable development. It has been widely acknowledged that although Uganda has gender sensitive laws and policies, they have not been fully implemented. To support the efforts of the Ugandan government in this respect, the embassy advises on the implementation of gender sensitive policies in the three priority sectors of the Netherlands government, namely education (improve quality by addressing gender concerns in education), local governance (establishing gender responsive local councils), and justice, law and order (ensuring gender sensitive laws) and strengthen the women's movement.